№5/2017

Balashov Eduard Mykhailovych

PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor

National University of Ostroh Academy, Ostroh

Psychological Peculiarities and Mechanisms of Self-Regulation in Students' Educational Activities

Educational activity of the students puts them before a necessity of optimal mobilization of their own potential abilities. Therefore, carrying out a scientific analysis of the phenomenon of self-regulation and the mechanisms of its formation is a topical task of the modern psychological science aimed at helping a personality in this process. There are many definitions of self-regulation in psychological science. We determine self-regulation as a holistic personal formation that ensures construction and implementation of the personality’s actions in accordance with the stated purpose. Self-regulation in the educational activity consists in the conscious and purposeful planning, construction and reproduction by the students their own educational activities in accordance with the educational plan, as well as in the ability to adequately evaluate own knowledge, skills and abilities and use them in the process of self-improvement. One of the most important tasks in researching the problem of self-regulation is determination of its psychological mechanisms and identification of their interaction. Many mechanisms of self-regulation such as self-esteem, level of own aspirations, self-control, reflection, self-stimulation etc., are used in the educational activity of the students. Analysis of the scientific literature proves that these mechanisms directly affect the educational activity of the students. The scientists determine two main processes in self-regulation of the activity which are closely interrelated – personal self-regulation and regulation of the activity. The process of self-regulation is efficient, primarily, under a condition that it is acknowledged by the students themselves. Most students realize the necessity of self-regulation, its important role in the educational activity, factors and mechanisms of formation of efficient self-regulation. However, they are not sufficiently able to identify the own strengths and weaknesses, plan specific goals for improving their activity and controlling its effectiveness. Formation of the particular stages of self-regulation in the educational activity is not sufficient enough. Goal-setting, planning, self-control, correction and determination of the criteria for evaluation of the educational activity quality are the weakest links in the process. Self-regulation of the educational activity of the students is closely connected with their individual characteristics and development of the individual values system.

Keywords: self-regulation; educational activity; mechanisms of self-regulation; personality.

Halyna B. Handzilevska,

PhD in Psychology,

Associate Professor of Department of

Psychology and Pedagogics

at the National University of Ostroh Academy, Ostroh

Representation of Resource Potential of Life Scenarios in Metaphorical Narratives of Contemporary Emigrant Writers

The article deals with the problem of the formation of the resource potential of life scenarios of Ukrainian writers-emigrants through the prism of dramatic-role-based approach. The components of the resource of the life scenario and their correlation according to the K. Yung's theory of archetypes and the modern conception of the level structure of creativity are proposed. A dream is singled out as the core resource that organizes the allocation of other resources for successful social adaptation through the self-presentation of the migrant, and the mechanism is the sense. The resource potential of the life scenario is explored in the dimension of the process of individuation, integrating the individual's spiritual, sexual, creative, social, and individual identification. The psychological analysis of the metaphorical narratives of contemporary Ukrainian emigrant writers demonstrates such resource factors of the life development as the mindset of life, spiritual identification, the variability of behavioural reactions, the consciousness of one's vocation and mission. Indicators of the formation of the writers' resource are characterized by the flexibility of choice of behaviour strategies, the ability to stand for their boundaries, the ability to move further with defeats, while maintaining their integrity and authenticity, and rational prescriptions of significant adults, which are established by spiritual and moral values. Through the psychological analysis of the repertoire of life roles represented in the metaphorical narratives of contemporary Ukrainian emigrant writers, the sensory and life benchmarks are singled out as the main indicator of the formation of the resource potential of their life scenarios. The factor of the formation of a happy life scenario is seen in the understanding and consciousness of their purpose. According to the indicator of the resource of such a scenario, it is the ability to engage in activities that bring pleasure. Thus, it is obvious that the formation of creative products in the form of narratives activates the resource potential of the emigrant writers' life scenario, which positively influences its implementation. The prospect of further research is seen in the psychological analysis of narratives of writers of different ages for the purpose of constructing the acmeograms of their life scenarios. The narrative analysis of narrative texts presented above, can enrich psychological theory and practice with new experience and become a means of support for the interested reader.

Keywords: life scenario, the resource potential of the life scenario, emigrant writers, view of life, life roles, scenario decision

Donchenko Olha Sergiivna

Postgraduate, Berdyansk State

Pedagogical University, Berdyansk

Art-Therapy as A Tool of Development of Professional Creativity of Future Teachers of Pre-School Educational Institutions in the Process of Professional Training

Training of future educators of preschool educational institutions for creative professional activity is one of the most important challenges that faces higher educational institutions of Ukraine today. The results we received during the investigation of creativity manifestation of students of the specialty "Preschool education" allows to assert that characteristics common to most students (85%), in the long term will cause certain difficulties in the implementation of creative professional activity. We believe that this shows the necessity of inner resources improvement of increasing the level of professional creativity through the purposive work on its development. The aim of the study is justification of the use of art therapy as a method of professional creativity development of the future teacher of preschool educational institution. Art therapy in pedagogical science is understood not only as a method of therapy or correction, carried out by psychotherapists or psychologists, but primarily as a concern about the emotional well-being and psychological health of the individual, of the group or team by means of artistic activities. The Central figure of the art therapy process is the personality that strives for self-realization and extend the range of it's capabilities. Distinctive feature of art therapy as a means of developing the professional creativity of the future educator is the fact that the relationship between a student and a teacher is mediated by a work of art or art-therapeutic creative activity, which allows: 1) To master the skills of finding and processing elements of a problem situation, that were not previously realized, to form an ability to distinguish from the context the essential qualities, functions, relations of subjects and objects of pedagogical activity; 2) Attributing various contents to created or assigned symbols, to find a number of solutions to the pedagogical task, and this promotes creative thinking and imagination; 3) To learn their own strategies for solving problem situations, creative opportunities, develop the desire for their implementation; 4) To reflect creative activity, to critically evaluate its results; 5) To get experience of productive, emotionally saturated creative activity, to form a positive attitude towards the successful manifestation of creativity in professional work. This theoretically proves the ability of art therapy to be an effective and expedient means for the development of professional creativity of the preschool teacher as a multifaceted and complicated phenomenon.

Keywords: professional creativity of the preschool teacher, art therapy, pedagogical direction of art therapy, objectification, disassociation, catharsis.

Kalamazh Viktoriia Olehivna

PhD student in Psychology

The National University of Ostroh Academy, Ostroh

Educational Autonomy of Students as a Precondition for the Effectiveness of Group Project Activities in Learning a Foreign Language

The usage of group project activity in a learning process allows students to personally grow and helps them get ready for a fast paced life; it also develops complex skills of self-regulated learning, critical and creative thinking, tackling problems, taking responsibilities, solving professional, private and public tasks.

Respectively, an important criterion of an effective students’ group project activity while learning foreign language is autonomy and responsibility of students, self-regulated learning. In a learning process, autonomy is viewed as a responsibility and ability of students to regulate their learning strategies on their own. Apart from that, motivation requires not only desire to learn a language, but also an extent to which a person is ready to achieve a learning goal. In such way, it would be challenging to accomplish desired long-term results in terms of language learning without self-discipline and efforts to study autonomously. As autonomy allows students to achieve their learning goals by virtue of intensive work and responsibility, it plays a vital role in a learning process.

Accordingly to the results of an empirical research, the most commonly used language practices where students demonstrated their learning autonomy were: listening to English language songs (98,58% of students), watching English language movies (86,05% ), chatting with a teacher in English language (85,72%); visiting English language websites (71,23%); reading of academic or nonacademic materials in English language (57,14%). Activities which students did less often were: sending emails in English, listening to podcasts, online chatting with friends in English, talking with a foreign in English via social media, signing up for an English language online course. It illustrates that students don’t use English language enough in their immediate social interactions and for self-development.

Group project activity can be seen as a powerful instrument to enhance students’ autonomy in English language learning. However, one has to consider the amount of limitations as for the development and support of high level motivation and learning autonomy of students which are connected with the peculiarities of a state of a modern education system, low level of students’ readiness, underdeveloped skills of independent learning, low level of teachers’ readiness to limit control over learning process and poor level of using basic strategies for autonomous learning encouragement.

Keywords: learning autonomy, group project activity, self-regulated learning

Kovalenko-Kobylanska Irina Genrihivna

PhD in Psychology Sciences

senior researcher of the Department of

Modern Information Technologies of Education

G.S. Kostyuk Institute of Psychology, NAPS of Ukraine, Kyiv

Decentration Development in the Period of Geronthogenesis

The urgency of the problem increases in direct proportion to the tendency of increase in the number of representatives of post-retirement period in society and ascending dynamics of their social activity. In the scientific literature there are no unified representations about psychological characteristics of people of the studied period. The article is devoted to the problem of decentration development in order to harmonize human life in the period of gerontogenesis and, indirectly, its social and cultural environment. The purpose of this article is to familiarize the scientific community with the research results that demonstrate the possibility of minimizing the problem of egocentrism manifestations as a result of decentration actualization in the final period of gerontogenesis with the help of ascending intellectual development. For solution of the set tasks the research was carried out, the main purpose of which is to prove experimentally the possibility of ascending intellectual development of a person throughout the ontogenesis, including its final period - gerontogenesis. General theoretical and empirical methods are used to achieve the set tasks, for example: experimental-genetic method, observation, non-direct clinical interviewing, testing, forming experiment, expert estimation method, etc. The research work was carried out on the basis of the boarding house of labor veterans and day care centers for provision of assistance to elderly people. In the course of the study, it was stated that this feature is due to the presence of a unique existential problem - a personal apocalypse. Very during the period of gerontogenesis there is not a hypothetical, but actual awareness of completion of the life cycle in connection with exhaustion of biological limit and the interconnected problem of summarizing the life results with their possible revision. All this is a consequence of the need to optimize the I-image of the old person in connection with the end of life. It is important to note that this process is not always fully realized by the old person. The results of the study indicate that during the period of gerontogenesis in person, a natural decrease in the level of decentralization may occur at the background of the development of egocentrism, which decreases in direct proportion to decrease in its intellectual development. Manifestations of egocentrism of the elderly person can be considered in the context of a specific psychological protective reaction of the psyche in response to the complexity of solution of the last existential problem.

Keywords: aging, gerontogenes, egocentrism, intellect, decentration training work.

Kononenko Anatoliy Oleksandrovich

DsSc in Psychology, Associate Professor

Odessa National I.I. Mechnikov University, Odessa

Kononenko Oksana Ivanivna

DsSc in Psychology, Associate Professor

Odessa National I.I. Mechnikov University, Odessa

Self-Presentation as an Important Regulator of Social Behavior

The article deals with approaches to the definition of the content of self-presentation: in modern psychological science self-presentation is examined as a mean of confirmation of appearance I and supports of self-appraisal, that, self-presentation is the realized or unrealized process (depending on a situation) which is carried out an active subject. Self-presentation in the realized or unrealized kind presents polymodal description, it is carried out, coming from the great number of reasons; it is in different situations; takes a place and in the protracted intercommunication of subjects. Self-presentation - a process by which a person strives to form the impression of others about oneself. The success of self-presentation depends on the ability to present itself to other people, to attract attention, to actualize the interest of people in their qualities. The purpose of the study is to do a theoretical analysis of approaches to the definition of self-presentation as an important regulator of social behavior. It has been established that self-presentation is a means of confirming the image of the Self and supporting self-esteem, that is, conscious or unconscious process (depending on the situation) carried out by the active subject; A stable personality characteristic which is based on the individual properties of the mind, is a real means of forming the image of I; In the system of personal orientations, it defines the "point of intersection" of the social and intra-psychological in the structure of the individual. Thus, self-presentation in the life of the subject acts as an important regulator of its social behavior. When considering the problems of social determination of personality behavior, special attention is paid to the specificity of knowledge of the world, awareness of its attitude to it, to the knowledge of itself as a subject of activity, to improvement of self, the desire to achieve self-esteem and successful interaction with people from the immediate environment. Individual experience of each is gradually realized in the forms of stable individual behavior and own style of self-presentation, which is significantly influenced by the peculiarities of socialization and social adaptation, self-perception of the individual and, in general, the individual social situation of personality development, which contains the integral structure of the emotional and communicative and value relations of the subject.

Keywords: presentation, management, desired appearance, the impression, confirmation of appearance.

Kots Yevheniya Mykhailivna

Post-graduate student of General and

Social Psychology Department of

Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European

National University, Lyiv

Personal Schemes as an Inclination of the Social Anxiety Development

The article empirically investigates and reveals the main personal schemes as a tendency to develop social anxiety among student youth. Students of 1-4 years of Lesia Ukrainka Eastern European National University. Lesia Ukrainka are involved in the empirical study. Social anxiety was diagnosed with the help of SPIN and SPRS techniques. We carried out a correlation analysis between the indicators in two methods to determine the reliability of the results and group the homogeneous sample with an increased level of social anxiety. The correlation analysis was carried out using the Spirman ranks correlation coefficient, taking into account the uneven distribution of data on the norm of Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality. The result of the correlation analysis indicates significant indicators of positive communication 0.590, p <0.05 between the indicators of social anxiety in two methods. The results of the analysis of the selected schemes indicate that the most social anxiety is fueled by the schemes of the loss of communication and attachment, which are specified in the schemes of emotional deprivation, abandonment, harassment, social isolation and deficiency. It is worth noting that only the merger scheme is one of the limits of autonomy and the ability to succeed. While areas of border breaks, focus on others and excessive vigilance and inhibition were not found in the sample of the socially disturbing individuals we surveyed.

Keywords: personality, social anxiety, emotional deprivation, abandonment, harassment, social isolation.

Lapina Marina Dmytrivna

Postgraduate student

Zaporizhzhya Classical Private University, Zaporizhzhya

Efficiency Analysis of Psychological Training the Future Social Worker’s Professionally Important Personality Traits

Social work is a profession that associated with individual help in difficult situation, high humanistic mission to ensure, support, services and protect people. Therefore the targeted formation of professionally important personality traits becomes the central problem of qualified social workers’ professional development. Psychological training is the most prominent method of practical psychology for the development of a specialists’ personality, but implementation of training program of active socio-psychological education for future social workers should be based on principles of scientifically justified and technological elaboration. So, the purpose of this article is the experimental investigation the effectiveness impact of psychological training on the formation of future social workers’ professional personality traits. The program of training the social worker’s professionally important personality traits was developed based on the professionally important qualities and components of professional competence of social workers theoretical analysis on the one hand, and methods of psychological training opportunities on the other. The method of repertory grids J. Kelly was elected to measure the effectiveness of the training program. Central (nuclear) constructs, which are people use for understanding yourself as a specialist and anticipation of their own professional behavior, were detected by the results of qualitative and quantitative processing and interpretation repertory test. Individual constructs of the respondents from the experimental and control groups were generalized using the factor analysis in order to determine the structure of future social worker’s personality traits. The factor analysis of students’ personality after the psychological training was showed the development of operational, motivational and reflective components social worker’s personality and professional competence. Changes in the factorial structure of individual constructs show development of professional identity and increasing sharpness and clarity of professional self-concept, that confirms the students’ of experimental group personality development. Thereby, it can be concluded, that psychological training the social worker’s professionally important personality traits, which has been implemented and tested in the course of future social workers’ vocational education, promotes the effective professionalization and the formation of personality competence of specialists in social work.

Keywords: psychological training, social worker’s professional traits of personality, personality and professional competence, factor analysis.

Victoria Maystruk

Postgraduate student of the General and Social Psychology

Department of Lesya Ukrainka East European National University, Lytsk

The Theoretical Model of Self-Accepting as a Factor of Modern Woman’s Psychological Well-Being

The development of the concept self-accepting in the history of psychology and counselling practice is represented in the article. The definition of the concept is suggested. It is based mostly on the Shepard’s theory and developed considering modern psychological views. Self-accepting is treated as a component of mental wellbeing, based on the realistic however subjective attitude towards self as unique individuality with the weak and strong personal traits. The self-accepting serves as a basis for the developing therapeutic practice ACT-acceptance and commitment which contains all definitions of the concept. The results of theoretical analysis of modern woman’s self-accepting as a factor of her psychological well-being are highlighted in the article. The proposed methodology for the research contains the method of modeling from the perspective of biopsychosocial paradigm and two main principles: etiological and holistic. Biopsychosocial paradigm was introduced by J. Engel as opposition to biomedical approach considering medical application as primary way for mental health treatment. Biopsychosocial paradigm treats human as social being, whose mental health depends on positive attitudes towards self and others and positive interpersonal interaction. The Biopsychosocial paradigm is based on two main principles. The etiological principle highlights the multi-determinism and situational impact on the phenomenon. The application of the principle in the research explains the complex nature of mental health and determines the necessity of designing complex methodology to study self-accepting in the context psychological well-being among modern successful and unsuccessful women. The holistic principle emphasizes the importance of spiritual, material, social and body images. Taking into consideration the representatives of our sample the focus in the body image is concentrated on the self-accepting the appearance of the women. The theoretical model was represented in the article. It consists of four components of self-image: spiritual, material, social and body images. Moreover it contains all components of psychological well-being: self-accepting, personal growth, positive interpersonal interaction, competence and autonomy. The proposed research is based on the main ideas and techniques of self-accepting and commitment theory and directed on self-accepting development among modern women considering their psychological well-being.

Keywords: self-accepting, psychological well-being, gender differences, self- image.

Oksentiuk Nataliia Volofymyrivna

PhD in Psychology, Associate Professor

National University of Water Management

and Nature Resources Use, Pivne

Psychological Study of Conscience

Moral-psychological research is impossible without addressing the issue of conscience. Today there is a need for a more in-depth study of the psychological essence of conscience in order to expand the system of representations of conscience as an important factor in the moral self-regulation of the individual. Therefore, the purpose of our article was the discovery of the psychological essence of conscience, its functions, dynamics as a factor of moral and psychological self-regulation of personality. The article deals with the phenomenon of conscience, as an inalienable property of the true spiritual nature of man as the supreme moral and psychological regulator of life. Thus, the value-semantic sphere is connected with the emotional here: the conscience contains knowledge about the emotional value of the ideas we have about the motives of our actions. According to the study, conscience is not a self-righteousness and concerns of a person by the morality of his behavior, where the conscious moral depravity of the content is superseded. This, in fact, is a false, neurotic conscience. On the contrary, there is a genuine conscience in which there is the ability of man to be himself. The will to have a conscience is the consent or disagreement to assume responsibility for their decisions and their choices. Accordingly, the quality of the presence indicates that there is awareness in the life of the individual. The mechanism of conscience can be considered as a psychological process of self-regulation, which includes reflexion, self-evaluation, self-correction, where its character and result are determined by a complex psychological conditions and in general affect the constructiveness of the further "work" of conscience. On a new "turn" of conscience, the quality of these tumors as a process will already act as a condition and determine the further self-realization of the individual. Conscience is not the fulfillment of the proper, but the self-expression of the individuality and essence of man. In the context of self-realization of a person's psychological result of "work" of conscience, from our point of view, will be qualitative neoplasm of the individual as a subject. This implies: firstly, a higher level of development of the individual system of moral norms and values, that is, their greater awareness and acceptance, and at the same time preserving the orientation of the vector of "good"; secondly, the image of the "myself" is reconstructed, but it meets the requirements of the adequacy and positivity of sampling. As a result of the study, we come to the conclusion that true conscience is when one realizes that he has a commitment to his own being when he realizes how important it is to realize the potential that he has defined and to make his choice first of all before himself, to remain a man. Conflict, wine (semantic tension) between understanding and desire is the main constitutive factor of human experience, moral development of man. This is because the person is trying to solve the semantic insolubility of those real ethical conflicts with which her life is confronted.

Keywords: conscience, morality, values, guilt, fear, responsibility, self-actualization, reflection

Petryk Oksana Volodymyrivna

PhD student of the Chair of general

and social psychology

Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European

National University, Lytsk

Trust as Manifestation of Social Intellect at Journalists’ Professional Activities

At article theoretically grounded psychological characteristics of the journalists’ professional activities. During their professional activities journalists makes high degree of influence on society. As well main purpose of their professional activities is creation of the on proper level media security what is guarantee of mass media general freedom, absence of censorship, the possibility of free ideas expression, beliefs, free search, selection, processing and dissemination of information and ideas in any legal form. For the implementation of such socially important tasks journalist must be objective in the facts presented. But, as noted by Dennis E. and Merrill J., journalists cannot be objective even if they want it. They fall into the trap of subjectivity and materials inherently contain their identity. Therefore, psychology as one of the leading sciences, studying the peculiarities of professional activity on the one hand and the patterns and mechanisms of personality development on the other, is intended to carry out the journalist personality thorough analysis of his activity in order to ensure his correct influence on the formation of public consciousness. Trust as manifestation of social intellect of journalists is precisely the factor that`s responsible for their professional information activities in which the problem of new qualitative characteristics of the individual formation is relevant, allowing them to adapt to the growing needs of the information society. However, in psychological studies, this phenomenon has not been studied sufficiently. The purpose of the study is to provide a theoretical and empirical study of the social intelligence and journalists’ confidence concepts, as well as the study of psychological peculiarities of journalists’ professional activity. To find out the importance of trust as a manifestation of the journalists social intelligence, we conducted an empirical study. The sampling conducted 130 journalists from Volyn, Ternopil and Rivne regions, in the age from 21 to 56 years. The research was carried out using J. Gilford's test. Its essence is to determine the level of social intelligence with the help of the four subtasks proposed. The study of trust was conducted with the help of “Methods of studying the trust / mistrust of the personality of the world, other people, themselves” developed by A. B. Kupreichenko. The highest correlation we can see between the indicators of social intelligence and trust in others. This makes possible determined trust as a manifestation of social intelligence, which manifests itself in journalism in co-operation with others, mutual assistance and acceptance of responsibility. Research results can be used by psychological services as well as in the professional training of journalists. The analysis of the theoretical and empirical research results of social intelligence and journalists' confidence gives an opportunity to draw conclusions about the existence of a close relationship between social intelligence and trust in the professional activity of journalists.

Keywords: the professional activities of journalists, social intelligence, trust, social skills.

Andrii Prymostka

PhD in Economics, Senior Engineer

Samsung Electronics Ukraine Company LLC, Kyiv

Analysis of the Theories of Emotions and Their Application to Construct the Mathematical Models of Diagnosis of Emotional State

The constant negative environmental impact, the fast paced life, the indifference of others, the information overload and other influencing factors are the sources of constant occurrence of stress conditions and as a result - a depression. Separately, the increasing of the frequency of messages not only about the depression, but also about more serious mental illnesses such as, for example, bipolar disorder can be selected. Traditionally, in such cases the time that passes between the first symptoms and contacting a psychologist or psychiatrist, is very long. This time interval increases if the symptoms have weak manifestation or sick one is not aware of or denies their existence. However, using of computer monitoring of symptoms can reduce this period and helps the objectification of symptoms identification, creating the opportunities for early and more accurate diagnosis of the disease. As the number of experimental data growing, there are such empirical facts that contradict existing theories or don’t have explanation in their context. The development in this area can be carried out by the means of mathematical modeling methods creating a satisfactory simplified model that could explain the available data and those available through modern devices. In addition to the specialized devices today we have an opportunity to get information from mobile devices, which the vast majority of people have and on this basis we can build a model that could explain the manifestations, which can be registered. Currently the researchers have the the first task from the list of recognition of emotional state from data, which can be obtained from different modalities: visual, audio, verbal, physical analysis of the situation of incomplete data. Besides the obvious task of building the classification models of each data stream, there is a task of combining the results in a single view suitable for further processing and analysis. Finding the solutions to these problems complicates by problem of choosing a theoretical framework for the internal representation of the modelling results and overall inconsistency of different groups of theories. The study aims to systematize and generalize the problems of using theories of emotions in automatic classification tasks with mathematical models. To achieve this goal theoretical and empirical methods were used. Theoretical methods (hypothetical-deductive, systematic-structural, structural-functional analysis) were used in determining the characteristics of theories of emotion. Empirical methods (comparison, analysis) were used for organizing and summarizing the strengths and weaknesses of internal state representation of mathematical models, identifying problem areas of input and output data. The analysis of existing theories of emotion in terms of mathematical analysis can be grouped based on their interpretation of basic emotions: a group of theories, in which the discrete basic emotions are basic, and a group, in which continuous basis is taken in several dimensions. Additionally, the differences in the interpretation of secondary sources of emotions were revealed, which makes it necessary to choose the interpretation to build the model. Additionally, the problems arising from the input data were analyzed. These problems are subjectivity of data for analysis, cultural, linguistic, social and physiological contexts of input data and instant context of current situation and effects of combinations of emotional states that have different duration. Regarding the presentation of modelling results, the problems with clear and sufficiently categorized for user representation in relation to the original combination of emotional states of varying duration may appear.

Keywords: emotional states, theories of emotions, basic and secondary emotions, mathematical modeling.

Volodymyr Andriiovych Savchuk

postgraduate student

The National University of Ostroh Academy, Ostroh

National Self-Consciousness: The Overview of Psychological Concepts

National self-consciousness implies considering oneself a representative of a particular nation realizing peculiar features of one’s nation and national values. The importance of the research on this issue has been of high priority for Ukrainian psychologists due to the resumed process of statehood. The topicality of the research is obvious in the context of information warfare, ideological collisions and changes in the self-consciousness of the nation. The general structure of self-consciousness comprises four key elements: 1) self-assessment, which is the individual’s thinking that determines the extent to which one’s traits are connected with the system of national values of the society the individual identifies him/herself with; 2) aspiration, which is one’s orientation towards choosing and achieving goals that are of significance for the individual; 3) social and psychological expectations or one’s vision of how he/she would be estimated regarding the national values and expected behaviour; 4) self-concept that encompasses generalised and integrated perception of oneself as an upholder of national values and appraisal of one’s actions from the perspective of belonging to a particular nation or ethnos. While the structure of self-consciousness already implies a vast array of national elements, national consciousness consists of more specific elements: 1) national identity (awareness of one’s belonging to a particular nation and affinity with it); 2) knowledge and awareness of the typical features of the nation one identifies with; 3) conscious approach to the nation’s history as well as its present and future; 4) one’s awareness of the national territory; 5) the treatment of national values that is not only conscious but also operational. The structure of national consciousness comprises three components. The cognitive one is based on the individual’s awareness of cultural and every day of his/her and other nations as well as the values, interests, national character and peculiarities of their behaviour in particular situations. The affective element of national consciousness that becomes visible in the form of emotional and axiological perception of oneself as well as representatives of other nations. The operational component is stipulated by the peculiarities of one’s behaviour and attitude towards communication with representatives of other nations or their culture. Such phenomena as ethnos, nation, national consciousness and national self-consciousness are closely interconnected. National self-consciousness is the reflexed perception, or one’s attitude to oneself and self-appraisal from the perspective of being an upholder of national consciousness.

Keywords: national self-consciousness, national consciousness, national identity, self-concept, nation, ethnos.

Stasiuk Mariia Mykolaivna

postgraduate student of the Department of psychology

Ivan Franko national University of Lviv, Lviv

Theoretical Analysis of the Impact of the Emotional Intelligence on the Social Adaptation Process

The present article is dedicated to the analysis of the problem of emotional intelligence in the context of its structure and significance for the socio-psychological adaptation of the individual. In the article there are considered the main approaches to the definition of the concept of «emotional intelligence» and the structure of this concept in each of the approaches. There are defined two types of models of emotional intelligence: the first ones that interpret emotional intelligence as ability, and the second ones that interpret it as a trait. If we consider emotional intelligence as a phenomenon that has a dual nature, then, on the one hand, it is cognitive (the ability to recognize emotion, identify it and give it a verbal assessment, the ability to understand emotion and to be conscious of the process of its forming and development, to realise causal relationship), on the other hand, it is personal (person’s focus on the emotional sphere, attention to the inner world, both his/her own and others’, the ability to experience emotion and at the same time to control its external expression). A view on the emotional intelligence as a construct that combines adaptive abilities, correspond to the «overcoming» strategies (coping). In the article there is described the double view on socio-psychological adaptation: both as a result of certain reactions and deeds, and as a process itself. The process of internal adaptation is described and its structure is revealed. Internal adaptation is aimed at solving internal conflicts and other internal psychological problems of the person. In the narrow sense internal structural adaptation is the process of coordinating of any adaptive mechanism. In the broad sense internal structural adaptation is the adjustment of the adaptive mechanism or adaptive complex to the whole structure of the person. The article describes the components of emotional intelligence that can be grounds for successful socio-psychological adaptation: temperament (neuroticism, extraversion and awareness), peculiarities of information processing (cognitive factors which support the processing of emotionally colored incentives), confidence in person’s own emotional competence (person’s knowledge and notion about his/her possibilities, processes of self-estimation and self-regulation), emotional knowledge and skills (the presence of specific skills, similar to cognitive). In the article there are presented the groups of constructs and their characteristics: methods of measurement (in the format of emotional intelligence and possible analogies when measuring psychometric intelligence), evolution in ontogenesis and their meaning for adaptation.

Keywords: emotional intelligence, models of emotional intelligence, psychological adaptation, adaptability, coping strategies.

Khrystyna Khvosost

Ph.D., Associate Professor of Applied

Psychology and Life Safety Department

of Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European

National University, Lytsk

Sanogenic Thinking as a Prerequisite OF Individual Health Maintaining

The article is dedicated to the study of the main aspects of theoretical and methodological treatment of the concept “sanogenic thinking”. The investigation of sanogenic thinking requires the application of cross-discipline approach. Such an analysis will serve as a basis for identifying the relation of sanogenic thinking to human health in the conditions of modern information and technological development advance. The characteristics of its varieties and criteria are elucidated, as well as the analysis of the dichotomy of sanogenic thinking – health, from the perspective of the modern psychological scientific paradigm. The current state of development of sanogenic thinking in the world is shown. The psychological nature of the preconditions for the formation of sanogenic thinking, in the context of personality health in particular is analyzed, as well as the theoretical view of forming sanogenic thinking through the prism of ensuring the indivual health is proposed. Of paramount importance in the study of sanogenic thinking in the dyad sanogenic thinking – health is revealing ties between these concepts in the mass consciousness of Ukrainians. This assignment can be fulfilled on the level of systemic and conditional meaning observed in the course of free word association test. The study has a significance for public health sector of our country. The goal of the paper is to reveal the essence of sanogenic thinking concept and to analyze a dichotomy “sanogenic thinking – health” on the basis of new approaches to individual health in modern psychology. The World Health Organization defines mental health as a state of well-being, when a person is aware of her abilities, is able to cope with stress, grow professionally and is active participant of community life. The integral model of health contains various aspects of well-being such as: spiritual, intellectual, emotional, and social well-being. The research uses data from the Ukrainian Assiciative Dictionary edited by S. Martinek (2007), in particular, an associative chain of the concept of health from responses to stimulus. The associative data show that this concept in the Ukrainians’ mind is primarily perceived as a consequence and not cause. Thus sanogenic thinking is not in the focus of Ukrainians. This research finding necessitates the issue of propagating activities aimed at sanogenic thinking development and public health awareness.

Keywords: sanogenic thinking, personality, health, interaction, self-regulation.

Khovanets Oksana Yuriivna

PhD student in Psychology

National university of Ostroh Academy, Ostroh

Theoretical Bases to the Study of the Hardiness in Foreign Psychological Researches

This article is about theoretical researches of the hardiness phenomenon. The problem studied in the article considered the main causes of the genesis and evolution. The author makes the analysis of the conditions and factors of hardiness. The crisis in Ukraine threatens not only the stability of society, but also psychological and emotional well-being of each individual. In extreme living conditions is particularly important ability to adapt to the demands of life, resist negative pressure, maintain effective interaction with friends and family, and maintain a balance between own attitudes and social realities. There is a need to develop more effective methods of study the human capacity to manage their own needs and choose more effective adaptive strategies. Due to the complexity of personal hardiness, its inclusion in a variety of psychological processes, some aspects of this phenomenon are still unexplored. Therefore the purpose of the article is to carry out a theoretical analysis of modern foreign studies of hardiness. In scientific psychological literature reflected different approaches to the structure of hardiness. The basic theoretical provisions concerning hardiness as a personal phenomenon are set out in the researches of S. Maddi, D. Khoshaba, S. Kobasa, P. Bartone, V. Florian, M. Mikulincer, J. Toth, O. Taubman, K. Peterson, M. Seligman etc. In general, it is the personal resistance resource, ability to withstand daily stressful conditions, while maintaining internal balance. In addition, S. Maddy has identified such related components of hardiness: commitment (tendency to involve oneself in the activities in life), control (ability to believe and act as you can influence the events) and challenge (belief that change is the normal mode of life). Hardiness is not only an important personal phenomenon, but also a key to successful professional self-realization, one of the conditions for the opening of life potential. Psychological study has shown relationships between the level of hardiness and individual adaptation to the crisis, hardiness and preventing diseases aimed behavior, hardiness and propensity to active solve problem situations. A high level of hardiness reduces the probability of disease development due to the long-term effects of any stressful events. A high level of hardiness (especially commitment and challenge) related with insignificant personal anxiety and coping strategies aimed at the problem. The development of hardiness increases the stability and self-efficacy of the individual, helps to develop effective strategies to combat stress and fears, promotes engagement in collective activities and social initiatives. Hardiness defines as one of the most important factors in the successful transition from learning to career building, which ensures self-confidence, self-efficacy, and adequate assessment of own capabilities. The results of the research can be used in personal and critical psychology; will contribute to the development of stress resistance personal training. Hardiness is an integrative phenomenon that correlates with personality anxiety, psychological well-being, optimism, coping strategies, locus of control, etc. In addition, actively analyzed the relationship between hardiness and self-efficacy, professional self-realization, conformism, preventing diseases aimed behavior, etc.

Keywords: hardiness, stress, stress resistance, coping strategies, locus of control.

Khomenko Katerina Vasilievna

PhD student in Psychology,

teacher of psychology

National Pedagogical University

named by M. P. Dragomanov,

Faculty of Psychology, Kyiv

The Empirical Research of Structural Components of Self-Attitude in Adolescence

Modern Ukrainian society activates youth's initiative, personal resources. Becoming a positive attitude to yourself is one of the most important in adolescence. This helps to overcome the age-related crises and affects the development of the personality as a whole. The basis of our research was laid scientific concepts on the relationship of man to himself by William James, Robert Burns, Vladimir Stolin, Sergei Pantileev, as well as the principle of unity of consciousness, self-awareness and activities according to research Lev Vygotsky, Alexei Leontyev, Leonid Rubinstein, Sergei Maksimenko, also these are the principles of the development of self-suasion in adolescence according to the scientific views of E. Erikson, I. S. Kon, I. D. Beh, L. I .Bozhovich, M. Y. Borishevsky, P. R. Chamata, T. M. Zelinska, L. V. Dolinska, I. S. Bulakh, O. Y. Gumenyuk and others. The purpose of this study is to clarify the qualitative and quantitative content of the structural components of the self-attitude , as well as their interrelationships with the personality characteristics and among themselves in adolescence. To study the phenomenon of attitude towards ourselves, we chose the method of V. V. Stolin and S. R. Pantileev, "The self-attitude test questionnaire", T. P. Skripkina's "Reflexive questionnaire of self-confidence", M. Rosenberg "The scale of self-esteem", A. V. Karpov "Diagnostics of the level of reflexivity", R. Schwartz, M. Erusalem and B. Romek "Scale of general self-efficacy", and as additional methods were used the technique "What will I possibly be," H. Marcus, P. Nurius in the adapted version of G. M. Prikhozhan. The methodology "Assessment of the need for approval" in the adaptation of Y. L. Khanina and E. P. Il'in was also used as a reliability scale. Thus, the established correlations give us the opportunity to confirm our assumption and to assert that the self-attitude in the studied juvenile age has a four-component structure, namely: 1) an emotional self-value component, a criterion - autosympathy, indicators - unconditional, the condition of acceptance I and neglect my own; 2) emotional-self-evaluating component, criterion - self-esteem, indicators - self-understanding, self-assurance, internal sequence; 3) emotionally-behavioral component, criterion - overall self-efficacy, indicators - assessment of abilities and achievement of success; 4) the system-forming component - global self-attitude, indicators - the coordination of the integral Self and the disintegral Self. Thus, the obtained result of the research direct our further research into the study of self-attitude as a factor in the formation of values in adolescence.

Keyword: self-consciousness, self-attitude, autosympathy, self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, global self-attitudes.